Dizziness and vertigo are often used interchangeably but they are defined differently, and it is important to know the difference. Our physiotherapists at Motion Works Physiotherapy Stittsville define the difference between dizziness and vertigo, outline the main vestibular disorders that can cause dizziness and vertigo, and how physiotherapy can help manage dizziness and vertigo, and vestibular disorders.
Difference Between Dizziness and Vertigo
Dizziness and vertigo are two different sensations you may experience relating to motion and balance.
Dizziness is more commonly experienced than vertigo. It is a broader term that can be used to describe multiple sensations related to motion and balance. Dizziness is characterized by a persistent sensation of swaying, unsteadiness, and/or lightheadedness.
Vertigo is less commonly experienced than dizziness. Vertigo is a specific kind of dizziness characterized by the single sensation that you, or the environment around you, is spinning when there is no actual movement.
Whether you’re experiencing dizziness or vertigo, if it becomes a chronic sensation it can disrupt your regular lifestyle and habits. Knowing the difference between dizziness and vertigo can help you determine what may be causing the sensation(s). Knowing what may be causing the sensation(s) can help you find treatment to manage the dizziness or vertigo.
What Are Vestibular Disorders?
The vestibular system, located within the inner ear, consists of tiny structures called semicircular canals and otolith organs. Together, they play a crucial role in providing information about motion, head position, and spatial orientation to the brain. When this system is compromised, individuals may experience vestibular disorders. Vestibular disorders can result in various challenges related to balance, coordination, and spatial awareness.
Causes of Vestibular Disorders
Vestibular disorders can arise from various factors, including:
- Inner Ear Infections: Infections such as labyrinthitis or vestibular neuritis can damage the vestibular system. Inner ear infections can lead to dizziness and balance problems.
- Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV): BPPV occurs when tiny calcium crystals called otoconia become dislodged and float within the inner ear canals. BPPV can cause sudden bouts of vertigo.
- Ménière's Disease: This chronic condition involves an abnormal buildup of fluid in the inner ear. Ménière's disease can lead to recurring episodes of vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus, and a feeling of fullness in the affected ear.
- Head Injuries: Traumatic brain injuries or concussions can disrupt the vestibular system. This can result in dizziness, imbalance, and other vestibular symptoms.
How Physiotherapy Can Help Dizziness and Vertigo
Our physiotherapists at Motion Works Physiotherapy Stittsville are trained in vestibular physiotherapy. Vestibular physiotherapy is a specialized branch of physiotherapy that focuses on addressing vestibular disorders and their associated symptoms. After your initial assessment, your vestibular physiotherapist can employ a comprehensive and individualized approach to help you regain balance, reduce dizziness, and improve overall function.
Here are some common techniques and interventions your vestibular physiotherapist may use to treat your vestibular disorder:
- Canalith Repositioning Maneuvers (Epley Maneuvre): This technique is effective for treating BPPV. It involves a series of head movements designed to guide dislodged calcium crystals back into their proper place within the inner ear canals.
- Habituation Exercises: These exercises aim to desensitize the vestibular system to specific movements or positions that trigger symptoms. By gradually exposing patients to these movements, the brain learns to adapt and reduce symptoms over time.
- Gaze Stabilization Exercises: Visual disturbances are often associated with vestibular disorders. Gaze stabilization exercises focus on enhancing the ability to maintain clear vision while the head is in motion, improving overall visual function and reducing dizziness.
- Balance Training: Balance exercises help strengthen the muscles involved in maintaining stability, reducing the risk of falls and improving overall coordination.
- Cardiovascular and Strength Training: Engaging in regular physical activity is crucial for overall health and well-being. Your physiotherapist may prescribe exercises to improve cardiovascular fitness and strengthen your muscles. This will contribute to enhanced balance and overall function.
- Education and Lifestyle Modifications: Your physiotherapist will provide you with valuable knowledge about your condition. This will teach you strategies to manage symptoms and make appropriate modifications to your daily routines to reduce the impact of vestibular disorders in your life.